Amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere ashingiye kumazi

Akamaro ko gutwikira amazi:

Ubwa mbere, ibiranga irangi rishingiye kumazi nuko rifite ibintu bimwe na bimwe biranga amazi, bitandukanye n irangi gakondo, ariko amazi nikintu twese tumenyereye mubuzima bwacu.Yaba kumesa, guteka cyangwa kunywa, ntaho itandukaniye nayo, bityo irangi rishingiye kumazi muri ubu bwoko bw'irangi rishobora kwerekana gusa imiterere yaryo nk'amazi, ariko intsinzi nyayo iri mukugabanya igipimo cy'imyunyu ngugu mu irangi, cyangwa ndetse no gusimbuza rwose ibishishwa kama.Impamvu yuyu mwanzuro nuko ibishishwa kama bikubiye mubitambaro gakondo byazanye ibibazo byinshi mubuzima bwabantu, ariko mbere yuko havuka imyenda ishingiye kumazi, abantu bagomba kwemera ingaruka mbi ziterwa na gakondo.

Icya kabiri, ibyiza byo gusiga irangi rishingiye kumazi ntabwo bigarukira gusa kurengera ibidukikije, birashobora kandi kurinda abakozi bubaka.Abakozi bakora mu nganda zo gusiga amarangi bagomba kuba bafite uburozi bwinshi cyangwa buke kubera amarangi gakondo, ndetse abantu bamwe bahuye numuriro utwika ibintu kama.Kugaragara kwamavuta ashingiye kumazi byatumye imiti idafite uburozi yoroshye kandi idafite uburozi kubakozi.Kubidukikije, bizana kandi ubuzima kubakora kumurongo wambere.

Hanyuma, ukurikije igiciro, ibishingwe byamazi bifite ubukungu kandi bufatika-bukoresha neza.Amashanyarazi kama akomoka kumashanyarazi gakondo abuzwa na peteroli, mugihe ibifuniko bishingiye kumazi birimo ibishishwa bike cyane, cyangwa ntibikubiyemo ibishishwa kama, bityo kubuzwa ni bito cyane, kandi igiciro gihenze cyane.Kubwibyo, ugereranije no gukoresha ibishishwa kama, bigira ingaruka kubiciro bya peteroli mubindi bihugu.Guhanga udushya no guteza imbere ibishishwa bishingiye kumazi wenyine ni nko guca ukubiri.Umuntu wese ushobora guteza imbere ubwikorezi bushingiye kumazi kandi akabukoresha cyane arashobora kugabanya inganda za peteroli nkeya.Umuvuduko wo guteza imbere ingufu zikomoka ku nganda zishobora no kuzana inyungu nyinshi mu bukungu bw’igihugu.Birashobora kugaragara muri ibi ko iterambere ry’imyenda ishingiye ku mazi atari inzira gusa mu nganda zitwikiriye, ahubwo ni n'inzira nshya ibihugu byongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana kwabyo no koroshya ingufu z’ingufu za peteroli.

Iterambere ryiterambere ryamazi ashingiye kumazi:

Iterambere ryimyenda ishingiye kumazi mubihugu bitandukanye biracyari mubikorwa byubushakashatsi.Muri iki gihe, igipimo cy’amazi ashingiye ku mazi mu nganda no mu zindi nzego kiracyari gito.Ibintu bitandukanye bigira ingaruka kumajyambere yimyenda ishingiye kumazi.Buhorobuhoro, igurishwa ry’amazi ashingiye ku mazi mu bihugu byateye imbere rishobora kugera kuri 80%, ariko 40% gusa mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere, ibyo bikaba byerekana itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibihugu mu iterambere ry’imyenda ishingiye ku mazi.Icyakora, mu myaka yashize, ishyirwaho rya politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije ku isi no kunoza imyumvire y’abaturage ku bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije mu bihugu bitandukanye byateje imbere iterambere ry’imyenda ishingiye ku mazi.Urubyiruko rwinshi rufite uruhare mubushakashatsi bwamazi ashingiye kumazi.Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza hifashishijwe amazi ashingiye ku isi bizaba byiza cyane.

Muri icyo gihe, kubura ingufu za peteroli byazanye amahirwe mashya yo guteza imbere amavuta ashingiye ku mazi.Kubera ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli ari umutungo udashobora kuvugururwa, mu rwego rwo kongera ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, igiciro cya peteroli ku isi kizamuka vuba, kandi n’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli nabyo byiyongera uko bikwiye.Muri iki gihe, abantu babonye ibyiza byo gutwikira amazi, bityo mumyaka yashize, hariho ingero nyinshi ninshi zo gukoresha ibishishwa bishingiye kumazi mugutwikira inganda.Dukurikije politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi, ibiranga ibara ry’amazi birashobora kwitabira neza umuhamagaro wacyo, akaba ari amahirwe adasanzwe yo kwiteza imbere.